Development of Ex Situ Normothermic Reperfusion as an Innovative Method to Assess Pancreases After Preservation
Arnau Panisello-Roselló
Emma Folch-Puy
Joan Roselló-Catafau
René Adam2- 1Experimental Pathology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- 2AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, UR Chronothérapie, Cancers et Transplantation, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
A Forum discussing:
Development of Ex Situ Normothermic Reperfusion as an Innovative Method to Assess Pancreases After Preservation
by Ogbemudia AE, Hakim G, Dengu F, El-Gilani F, Dumbill R, Mulvey J, et al. (2021) Transpl Int 34(9):1630–42. doi:10.1111/tri.13990
Dear Editors,
We read with great interest the paper entitled “Development of Ex Situ Normothermic Reperfusion as an Innovative Method to Assess Pancreases After Preservation” (1). After analyzing the ex situ assessment of pancreases by normothermic reperfusion (NR), the authors suggested that HMPO2 may be better than SCS; they a further compared two different HMPO2 perfusates: Belzer-MPS and IGL-2.
We would like to point out some considerations concerning this perfusate comparison. Specifically, when the water content in pancreas grafts (as a surrogate for edema assessment) was measured in hypothermic conditions. Under those conditions, IGL2HMP pancreases showed a lower water content than the UWHMP group. These results are concomitant with the lower amylase and lipase levels, well known as injury markers for pancreas in static preservation, which has been validated recently as well in dynamic condition by Branchereau et al. (2). This higher injury prevention exerted by IGL2 would be associated with the water content gain, which in turn is regulated by the presence of oncotic agents such as PEG35 (in IGL2HMP) and HES (in UWHMP). One of the concerns related to pancreas preservation is the development of edema, which is generally regarded as undesirable. Thus, the lower water content in INGL2HMP indicates a better oncotic efficiency of PEG as compared to HES. Moreover, it is widely reported that HES acts as a red blood cell pro-aggregating agent (3), which is a major factor when considering a solution containing PEG to be more suitable for pancreas washout (4).
Recently, we have reported the benefits of that using PEG35 can be beneficial for preventing IRI damage (5) and can have an anti-inflammatory role in acute pancreatitis (6). This is especially relevant for pancreas IR pathophysiology, as a tendency to develop pancreatitis and vascular thrombosis after ischemia has been widely reported (2); notably, these are main causes of early patient morbidity and mortality after pancreas transplantation (7, 8). In addition, IGL2 (PEG35) is very suitable to better preserving luminal glycocalyx deterioration against the mechano-transduction events in hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE) due to inherent fluid dynamics, whereby the lower viscosity of IGL2 (9) as well as the vasodilatory action derived from NO generation by PEG35 may be relevant factors to be considered (4).
We agree that future investigations are needed to confirm and expand relevant study, especially considering the number of animals used. We highlight the use of a PEG-based solution (IGL2) and its improvement of HOPE strategies, given that the favorable results reported in other solid organs could be extended to pancreas. This would be, for instance, the case of the protection of the mitochondria, as previously reported by us for liver measured as glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) (mitochondrial damage) (9, 10).
Especially given the lack of consensus regarding the optimal perfusion solutions and methods for pancreas preservation prior to transplantation, we are grateful for this important paper, as it opens up the dialogue about developing a new paradigm for pancreas preservation.
Data Availability Statement
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
Author Contributions
AP-R, EF-P, JR-C, and RA participated in the design, draft, revision, and approval of the work. The authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Funding
This research was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III through FIS project PI 15/00110 co-funded by FEDER from Regional Development European Funds (European Union).
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
References
1. Ogbemudia, AE, Hakim, G, Dengu, F, El‐Gilani, F, Dumbill, R, Mulvey, J, et al. Development of Ex Situ Normothermic Reperfusion as an Innovative Method to Assess Pancreases After Preservation. Transpl Int (2021) 34:1630–42. doi:10.1111/tri.13990
2. Prudhomme, T, Renaudin, K, Lo Faro, ML, Cantarovich, D, Kervella, D, Minault, D, et al. Ex Situ Hypothermic Perfusion of Nonhuman Primate Pancreas: A Feasibility Study. Artif Organs (2020) 44(7):736–43. doi:10.1111/aor.13655
3. Mosbah, IB, Franco-Gou, R, Abdennebi, HB, Hernandez, R, Escolar, G, Saidane, D, et al. Effects of Polyethylene Glycol and Hydroxyethyl Starch in University of Wisconsin Preservation Solution on Human Red Blood Cell Aggregation and Viscosity. Transplant Proc (2006) 38(5):1229–35. doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.02.068
4. Zaouali, MA, Bejaoui, M, Calvo, M, Folch-Puy, E, Pantazi, E, Pasut, G, et al. Polyethylene Glycol Rinse Solution: an Effective Way to Prevent Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Wjg (2014) 20:16203. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i43.16203
5. Pasut, G, Panisello, A, Folch-Puy, E, Lopez, A, Castro-Benítez, C, Calvo, M, et al. Polyethylene Glycols: An Effective Strategy for Limiting Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Wjg (2016) 22(28):6501. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i28.6501
6. Ferrero-Andrés, A, Panisello-Roselló, A, Serafín, A, Roselló-Catafau, J, and Folch-Puy, E. Polyethylene Glycol 35 (PEG35) Protects against Inflammation in Experimental Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis and Associated Lung Injury. Ijms (2020) 21:917. doi:10.3390/ijms21030917
7. Sakorafas, GH, Tsiotos, GG, and Sarr, MG. Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Pancreatitis. Dig Surg (2000) 17:3–14. doi:10.1159/000018793
8. Troppmann, C. Complications after Pancreas Transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant (2010) 15:112–8. doi:10.1097/mot.0b013e3283355349
9. Panisello Rosello, A, Teixeira da Silva, R, Castro, C, G Bardallo, R, Calvo, M, Folch-Puy, E, et al. Polyethylene Glycol 35 as a Perfusate Additive for Mitochondrial and Glycocalyx Protection in HOPE Liver Preservation. Int J Mol Sci (2020) 21(16):570. doi:10.3390/ijms21165703
Keywords: pancreas, HOPE, normothermia, reperfusion, preservation solutions
Citation: Panisello-Roselló A, Folch-Puy E, Roselló-Catafau J and Adam R (2022) Development of Ex Situ Normothermic Reperfusion as an Innovative Method to Assess Pancreases After Preservation. Transpl Int 35:10038. doi: 10.3389/ti.2022.10038
Received: 15 September 2021; Accepted: 14 March 2022;
Published: 12 April 2022.
Copyright © 2022 Panisello-Roselló, Folch-Puy, Roselló-Catafau and Adam. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Arnau Panisello-Roselló, arnau.panisello@iibb.csic.es
