Transpl. Int. Transplant International Transpl. Int. 1432-2277 Frontiers Media S.A. 17461 10.3389/ti.2026.17461 Correction Correction: The European Board of transplant medicine: evolution, present role and future directions toward harmonised transplant medicine training in Europe Montero et al. 10.3389/ti.2026.17461 Montero Nuria 1 2 * † Arnol Miha 3 4 † Beckebaum Susanne 5 † Binet Isabelle 6 † Cicinnati Vito 5 Cucchiari David 7 8 † Den Hoed Caroline 9 † Durrbach Antoine 10 Iacob Speranta 11 12 † Marinaki Smaragdi 13 Mitterhofer Anna Paola 14 † Mrzljak Anna 15 † Remport Adam 16 † Ruiz Pablo 17 † Sampaio Susana 18 19 Tinti Francesca 20 † Prikis Marios 21 * † Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’ Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Health Ostschweiz, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland Renal Transplant Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands University Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR 1356, Nephrology Department, Hopital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Créteil, France Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania Center for Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplant, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania Clinic of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Medical School of Athens, Laiko Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Nephrology and Dyalisis Unit University Hospital Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liver Transplant Centre, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Kidney Transplant Unit, Unidade Local de Saúde (ULS) S João, Oporto, Portugal Faculdade Medicina, Oporto University, Oporto, Portugal Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicina, Nephrology and Dialysis Unit University Hospital S. Andrea, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy Nephrology Department, University of Vermont and Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States Correspondence: Marios Prikis, marios.prikis@uvmhealth.org; Nuria Montero, nuriamonteroperez@gmail.com

ORCID: Nuria Montero, orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-4603; Miha Arnol, orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-7820; Susanne Beckebaum, orcid.org/0009-0006-1454-5847; Isabelle Binet, orcid.org/0000-0002-2697-9822; David Cucchiari, orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-1070; Caroline Den Hoed, orcid.org/0000-0003-3840-0213; Speranta Iacob, orcid.org/0000-0002-7805-5920; Anna Paola Mitterhofer, orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-386X; Anna Mrzljak, orcid.org/0000-0001-6270-2305; Adam Remport, orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-0534; Pablo Ruiz, orcid.org/0000-0002-5810-8802; Francesca Tinti, orcid.org/000-0001-8867-3979; Marios Prikis, orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-6422

28 08 2026 2026 39 17461 27 07 2026 29 07 2026 10 08 2026 Copyright © 2026 Montero, Arnol, Beckebaum, Binet, Cicinnati, Cucchiari, Den Hoed, Durrbach, Iacob, Marinaki, Mitterhofer, Mrzljak, Remport, Ruiz, Sampaio, Tinti and Prikis. 2026 Montero, Arnol, Beckebaum, Binet, Cicinnati, Cucchiari, Den Hoed, Durrbach, Iacob, Marinaki, Mitterhofer, Mrzljak, Remport, Ruiz, Sampaio, Tinti and Prikis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. A Correction on The European Board of transplant medicine: evolution, present role and future directions toward harmonised transplant medicine training in Europe by Montero N, Arnol M, Beckebaum S, Binet I, Cicinnati V, Cucchiari D, Den Hoed C, Durrbach A, Iacob S, Marinaki S, Mitterhofer AP, Mrzljak A, Remport A, Ruiz P, Sampaio S, Tinti F and Prikis M (2026). Transpl. Int. 39:16968. doi: 10.3389/ti.2026.16968 education and training harmonization hepatology nephrology transplant care

Table one and Table two were erroneously omitted from this article. The tables appear below.

Overview of transplant nephrology and hepatology training across selected European countries.

Country Parent specialty Formal transplant subspecialty recognition Training pathway (summary) Transplant exposure Perceived value of EBTM certification*
Cyprus Nephrology No ≥2 years internal medicine + 4 years nephrology Mandatory (≥3 months in transplant centre) Objective validation and harmonisation
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 2 years internal medicine + 4 years gastroenterology Integrated Objective validation and harmonisation
Croatia Nephrology No 5-year nephrology residency Integrated Objective validation and harmonisation
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 5-year gastroenterology residency Integrated Objective validation and harmonisation
France Nephrology No 5-year residency + 2-year clinical fellowship Integrated within nephrology Harmonisation and professional mobility
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 5-year gastroenterology residency Integrated Objective validation and harmonisation
Germany** Nephrology Yes Board certification in internal medicine + nephrology + ≥2 years transplant nephrology Mandatory Complementary to existing national certification
Gastroenterology/Hepatology Yes Board certification in internal medicine + gastroenterology + ≥2 years transplant hepatology Mandatory Complementary to existing national certification
Greece Nephrology No 2 years internal medicine + 4 years nephrology Mandatory (≥3 months in transplant centre) Fills training gap; supports hiring in transplant centres
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 2 years internal medicine + 4 years gastroenterology Integrated Fills training gap; european-level credential
Hungary Nephrology No 5-year nephrology or internal medicine + 2 years nephrology Variable Standardisation and capacity building
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 5-year gastroenterology residency Integrated Fills educational gap; capacity building
Italy Nephrology No National competitive residency; no transplant certification Variable Fills training gap; harmonisation
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 4-year gastroenterology residency Variable Fills educational gap
Netherlands Nephrology No 4 years internal medicine + 2 years nephrology (transplant mandatory) Mandatory Fills educational gap
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 6-year combined GI–Hepatology training Optional hepatology registration Standardised validation
Portugal Nephrology No 5-year residency including transplantation Integrated Certification and quality standardisation
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 5–6 years GI/Internal medicine + additional liver training Variable Certification and quality standardisation
Romania Nephrology No 5-year nephrology residency; transplant via accredited centres Centre-dependent European benchmark; supports professional mobility
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 5-year gastroenterology residency Integrated European benchmark
Slovenia Nephrology No 6-year regulated nephrology residency; national exam Integrated Objective validation and harmonisation
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 6-year regulated gastroenterology residency; national exam Integrated Objective validation and harmonisation
Spain Nephrology No 4-year residency (MIR); transplant exposure mandatory Mandatory European-level credential
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 4-year GI/Hepatology residency Variable Unifies training criteria
Switzerland Nephrology No 2–3 years internal medicine + 3–4 years nephrology; national + UEMS exams Integrated European standards embedded
Gastroenterology/Hepatology No 3 years internal medicine + 3 years gastroenterology + hepatology subspecialty year Integrated European standards embedded

This measure reflects stakeholders’ perceptions of the value and professional impact of the EBTM, certification across different clinical and academic environments.

Germany is the only surveyed country with formally recognised national certification in Transplant Medicine.

Core duties across all countries encompass pre-transplant candidate evaluation, perioperative management, and lifelong post-transplant care.

Abbreviations: EBTM, european board of transplantation medicine; GI, gastroenterology; MIR, Médico Interno Residente; UEMS, Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes; yrs, years.

EBTM eligibility requirements for certification.

Domain Requirements
Training duration and background • Board certification in internal medicine or paediatrics and a recognised subspecialty (e.g., Nephrology, gastroenterology/Hepatology, cardiology, pulmonology)• Minimum 2 years of continuous transplant medicine training (up to 4 years if part-time)• Training must be completed or validated in a UEMS member country
Clinical competencies • Documented experience in pre-transplant evaluation, inpatient management, and outpatient follow-up• Evidence of supervised and independently performed specialised procedures• Attestation by a senior transplant physician or head of department confirming patient caseload and procedural exposure
Education and academic activity • Attendance at recognised transplant courses (including ESOT educational programmes), national and international transplant congresses, and CME-accredited symposia• Mandatory: Participation in a minimum of two national/international transplant meetings with first or last authorship (oral or poster presentation)
Non-technical skills • Proficiency in English (required for the oral examination)

Abbreviations: CME, continuing medical education; ESOT, european society for organ transplantation; UEMS, Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes.

The original version of this article has been updated.