AUTHOR=van Zanten Regina , van Dijk Monique , van Rosmalen Joost , Beck Denise K. , van Staa AnneLoes , Van Hecke Ann , Massey Emma K. 

TITLE=Nurse-Led Self-Management Support After Organ Transplantation – A Multicenter, Stepped-Wedge Randomized Controlled Trial

JOURNAL=Transplant International

VOLUME=Volume 37 - 2024

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/journals/transplant-international/articles/10.3389/ti.2024.13175

DOI=10.3389/ti.2024.13175

ISSN=1432-2277

ABSTRACT=In this unblinded multi-center stepped wedge randomized controlled trial the effectiveness of the nurseled ZENN-intervention was tested in promoting self-management skills in comparison to standard care among heart, lung and kidney transplant recipients. This intervention is based on behaviour change theories and was conducted in four sessions over six months at the outpatient clinic. The experimental group received standard care, plus the ZENN-intervention, while . the control group received only standard care.. Both groups completed questionnaires at baseline, at six months and one year follow-up.At baseline, the experimental group (n=69) scored significantly lower than the control group (n=106) on the primary outcome Skills and Technique Acquisition (STA). No significant between-group differences were found on the secondary outcomes self-management, self-regulation, quality of life and medication adherence at T1 and T2. There was a significant increase on the self-management scale STA between T0 and T1 in the experimental group. Therefore, participants included in the experimental group had lower self-management skills at baseline and reported significant improvement after completing the intervention. No significant intervention effect was found in the primary analysis, however, for recipients with reduced self-management skills the intervention may be beneficial.