AUTHOR=Lombardi Andrea , Alagna Laura , Palomba Emanuele , Viero Giulia , Tonizzo Anna , Mangioni Davide , Bandera Alessandra 

TITLE=New Antibiotics Against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Liver Transplantation: Clinical Perspectives, Toxicity, and PK/PD Properties

JOURNAL=Transplant International

VOLUME=Volume 37 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/journals/transplant-international/articles/10.3389/ti.2024.11692

DOI=10.3389/ti.2024.11692

ISSN=1432-2277

ABSTRACT=Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health problem, and it is especially relevant among liver transplant recipients where infections, particularly when caused by microorganisms with a difficult-to-treat profile, are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. 
We provide here a complete dissection of the antibiotics active against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria approved over the last few years, focusing on their activity spectrum, toxicity profile and PK/PD properties, including therapeutic drug monitoring, in the setting of liver transplantation. 
Specifically, the following drugs are presented: ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam, cefiderocol, and eravacycline. Studies on safety and optimal employment of these drugs in liver transplant recipients are limited and especially needed.